RESPONSIBILITIES OF OUR ORGANS:
The human body is mainly composed of trillion cells which are considered as the fundamental unit of life.
The group of similar cells with similar functions forms a tissue. These tissues combine together to form organs and form an organ system, which finally gives rise to an individual. These organs are macroscopic in structure. The brain, heart, lungs, liver, kidneys are a few examples of organs.
An organ is a group of different tissues that work together to do a particular job. To survive and reproduce, the human body relies on major internal body organs to perform certain vital functions. When two or more organs along with their associated structures work together they become component parts of a body system
Types of Organs in a Human Body
Altogether there are seventy-eight main organs within the human body. These organs work in coordination to give rise to several organ systems. Among these 78 organs, five organs are considered as vital for survival. These include the heart, brain, kidneys, liver and lungs. If any of these five organs stop functioning even for a few seconds death will result. Therefore, we should always keep our system healthy, maintain a balanced diet, adequate sleep, regular physical activities and focus on healthy lifestyle changes.
Altogether, there are 10 large organs in the body, which include skin, liver, brain, lungs, heart, kidney, spleen, pancreas, thyroid and joints. A few of them are explained in detail below.
Skin
Skin is the largest external organ of the human body. It is a vital organ and provides outer covering, The skin acquires an area of 19 to 20 square feet on our body surface.
- Controlling body temperature
- Storing blood:
- Protection external elements, from the invading pathogens,
- Sensation:
- Absorption and excretion:
- Vitamin D production
- prevents dehydration
- barrier between outside and inside the environment.:
Liver
The liver is the largest internal organ in the human body, which weighs between 1.3 to 1.5 kg, located in the upper right portion of the abdomen, performs more than 500 functions, including
- Bile production and excretion.
- Excretion of bilirubin, cholesterol, hormones, and drugs.
- Metabolism of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates.
- Enzyme activation.
- Storage of glycogen, vitamins, and minerals.
- Synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin, and clotting factors.
Major Organs of the Body
Brain
It is the most complicated organ in our body. The human brain is located in our head and is surrounded by a strong bony structure, called the skull It is responsible for thoughts, interpretation, regulation and control of body movements, can store that information in our memory, controls our thoughts, memory and speech, movement of the arms and legs, and the function of many organs within our body, emotion, touch, motor skills, vision, breathing, temperature, hunger, and every process that regulates our body.
Heart
The human heart is one of the most vital organs in the human body. The human heart keeps on beating until the death of an individual. On average, our heartbeats 70 times per minute, which is close to 4200 times per hour and pumps about 7570.824 L of blood every day.
Regarding the position, the human heart is located in the thoracic cavity medial to the lungs, slightly towards the left and behind the breastbone. The average size of an adult heart is the size of our two hands clasped together and a child’s heart is about the size of a fist.
- Pumping oxygenated blood to the other body parts.
- Pumping hormones and other vital substances to different parts of the body.
- Receiving deoxygenated blood and carrying metabolic waste products from the body and pumping it to
- the lungs for oxygenation.
- Maintaining blood pressure.
Lungs
Humans have a pair of lungs, which are situated within the thoracic cavity of the chest. Lungs play a major role in the respiratory system.
Functions,
- Breathing Inhalation and Exhalation ..
- External Respiration Exchanges Gases Between the Lungs and the Bloodstream. ...
- Internal Respiration Exchanges Gases Between the Bloodstream and Body Tissues.
- Helps us to smell and create sound (air vibrating the vocal cord)
Pancreas
The pancreas is a vital part of the human digestive system and is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels. It is an abdominal organ located behind the stomach and surrounded by spleen, liver and small intestine. It is also involved in producing hormones, such as glucagon, insulin, and secreting digestive enzymes such as proteases, amylase and lipase into the duodenum.
Kidneys
Kidneys are a significant organ of the excretory system. They are bean-shaped structures located on either side of the backbone and are protected by the ribs and muscles of the back
- Remove wastes, toxins and extra fluid. Your kidneys act like a filter to remove wastes and extra fluid from your body. ..
- Regulation of osmolarity...is achieved by balancing the intake and excretion of sodium with that of water. ..
- Regulation of pH. .The kidneys help maintain the acid–base balance by excreting hydrogen ions into the urine and reabsorbing bicarbonate from the urine
- Production of hormones. called Renin, which regulates blood pressure. Make red blood cells. Your kidneys make a hormone called erythropoietin.
Eye
The eye is the specialized sense organ that helps us to perceive the world around us. They are the visual sensory organs in our body, which are sensitive to light images.
* focuses on objects near and far, and produces continuous images that are instantly transmitted to the brain.
* The sclera, or white part of the eye, protects the eyeball. * The pupil, or black dot at the centre of the eye, is an opening through which light can enter the eye.
* The iris, or coloured part of the eye, surrounds the pupil. It controls how much light enters the eye by changing the size of the pupil
Stomach: The main function of the stomach is to store food temporary and Your stomach makes acid and powerful enzymes that break the food down and change it to a liquid or paste, release it to the intestines whereby the intestines can process it. The stomach mixes the food and grinds it into a finely preparation for digestion.
Small intestine
The small intestine is the longest part of the alimentary canal and secretion and absorption. The epithelial cells of the small intestine secrete enzymes which digest chyme (consisting of gastric juices and partly digested food.) into the smallest particles, making them available for absorption.
Large intestine;
Absorbing water and electrolytes, producing and absorbing vitamins, and forming and propelling feces toward the rectum for elimination.
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