NEEM OIL FOR NATURAL CONTRACEPTION
Shakti N. Upadhyay, Charu Kaushic, and G.P. Talwar. 1990. Antifertility effects of neem (Azadirachta indica) oil by single intrauterine administration: a novel method for
contraception. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B: Biological
Sciences 242:175-179.
Female Wistar rats of proven fertility were given a single
dose (100 µl) of neem oil by intrauterine route; control animals received the
same volume of peanut oil. Whereas all control animals became pregnant and
delivered normal litters, the rats treated with neem oil remained infertile for
variable periods ranging from 107 to 180 days even after repeated matings with
males of proven fertility. The block in fertility was, however, reversible, as
half of the animals regained fertility and delivered normal litters by five
months after treatment, without any apparent teratogenic effects
NEEM- LEAF EXTRACT TO REDUCE MALE
FERTILITY
Male antifertility activity of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) was studied in mice, rats, rabbits, and guinea pigs
by daily oral feeding of a cold-water extract of fresh green neem leaves. The
infertility effect was seen in treated male rats, as there was a 66.7 percent
reduction in fertility after 6 weeks, 80 percent after 9 weeks, and 100 percent
after 11 weeks. There was no inhibition of spermatogenesis. During this period
there was no decrease in body weight and no other manifestation of toxicity
were observed. There was a marked decrease in the motility of spermatozoa.
NEEM OIL
AS SPERMICIDE
Neem oil in vitro proved to be
a strong spermicidal agent. Rhesus monkey and human spermatozoa became totally
immotile within 30 seconds of contact with the undiluted oil.
In vivo studies in rats (20),
rabbits (8), rhesus monkeys (14), and human volunteers (10) proved that neem
oil applied intravaginally before sexual intercourse prevented pregnancy in all
the species.
Neem oil has also been found to
have anti-implantation/abortifacient effect in rats and rabbits if applied
intravaginally on day 2 to day 7 of expected pregnancy. The minimum effective
dose is 25 µl for rats. One month after the stoppage of neem oil application
there was complete reversibility in fertility in these animals. It had no
deleterious effect on the subsequent pregnancies and the offsprings.
Histopathological studies on
rats' vagina, cervix, and uterus showed no ill effects of neem oil in these
tissues. In contrast, nonyl-phenoxy polyethoxy ethanol, a popular vaginal
contraceptive cream, showed signs of severe irritant reaction in these tissues.
Radioisotope studies indicated that neem oil was not absorbed from the vagina;
it thus ruled out its possible systemic effects.
Results of the present study indicate than neem oil is an
"ideal" female contraceptive, being easily available, cheap, and
nontoxic. Therefore, its mass acceptance is anticipated.
IN VITRO: In vitro is Latin for “within the glass.” When something is performed in vitro, it happens outside
of a living organism
That is the image of the APP
0 comments:
Post a Comment